Journal: Nanomaterials

Article Title: Hepato(Geno)Toxicity Assessment of Nanoparticles in a HepG2 Liver Spheroid Model

doi: 10.3390/nano10030545

Figure Lengend Snippet: Cytotoxicity of TiO 2 -, Ag- and ZnO-NPs measured by alamarBlue assay in 2D and 3D HepG2 cultures. Cell viability was measured as metabolic capacity and calculated relative to negative control cultures (set to 100%). ( A ) No significant effects were seen on the viability of 2D (black curve) and 3D (gray curve) cultures after 24 h exposure to TiO 2 -NPs. The cell viability was reduced after 24 h incubation with ( B ) Ag-NP and ( C ) ZnO-NP for both 2D and 3D cultures. The effect of the exposure was significantly different in 2D and 3D cultures after exposure to Ag-NP at concentrations 10 and 30 µg/cm 2 , evaluated by two-way ANOVA with post-test Sidak. Values are presented as mean ± SEM of 2–6 independent experiments: ( A ) n = 2, 3, ( B ) n = 4–6 and ( C ) n = 3. The concentration 75 µg/cm 2 was excluded for testing of Ag-NP and ZnO-NP (b and c) because of high cytotoxicity in previously published experiments . ** p < 0.01; **** p < 0.0001.

Article Snippet: HepG2 cells, provided from the ECACC (European Collection of Authenticated Cell Cultures) (cell line no. 85011430, Salisbury, United Kingdom) were cultured in 2D and 3D arrangements, as previously explained in detail [ ].

Techniques: Alamar Blue Assay, Negative Control, Incubation, Concentration Assay

Journal: Nanomaterials

Article Title: Hepato(Geno)Toxicity Assessment of Nanoparticles in a HepG2 Liver Spheroid Model

doi: 10.3390/nano10030545

Figure Lengend Snippet: EC 50 values from alamarBlue assay in HepG2 2D and 3D cultures after 24 h exposure to TiO 2 -NPs, Ag-NPs or ZnO-NPs. EC 50 values of metal compartments are given in parentheses.

Article Snippet: HepG2 cells, provided from the ECACC (European Collection of Authenticated Cell Cultures) (cell line no. 85011430, Salisbury, United Kingdom) were cultured in 2D and 3D arrangements, as previously explained in detail [ ].

Techniques: Alamar Blue Assay

Journal: Nanomaterials

Article Title: Hepato(Geno)Toxicity Assessment of Nanoparticles in a HepG2 Liver Spheroid Model

doi: 10.3390/nano10030545

Figure Lengend Snippet: Representative confocal images of HepG2 spheroids exposed for 24 h to ( a ) culture medium, ( b ) Ag-NPs and ( c ) ZnO-NPs. Spheroids were exposed to 30 µg/cm 2 (85 µg/mL) of Ag- and ZnO-NPs for 24 h, before staining. Dead cells were stained with propidium iodide (PI) ( red ) and viable cells with fluorescein diacetate (FDA) ( green ). The images are z-stack projections from the spheroid surface and approximately 150 µm down toward the core. An increase in number of dead cells on the surface of the spheroids was seen after exposure to Ag-NPs and ZnO-NPs. Scale bar = 200 µm. Representative images from two independent experiments ( n = 2), each with at least three parallel spheroids.

Article Snippet: HepG2 cells, provided from the ECACC (European Collection of Authenticated Cell Cultures) (cell line no. 85011430, Salisbury, United Kingdom) were cultured in 2D and 3D arrangements, as previously explained in detail [ ].

Techniques: Staining